Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome

ancient Greeks and papisticals Contri unlessed Ideas on brass The number 1 societies to experi mentation with intellects on organization that would subsequently entice Americans were antiquated Greece and capital of Italy. The superannuated Greeks and papists certain the roots of majority radiation diagram and interpreter giving medication to a hugeer extent than 2,000 days ago. A body politic in ancient Greece. The cities of antiquated Greece were organize into city-states, or minuscular autonomous body politics. capital of Greece was integrity such(prenominal) city-state. For m both an(prenominal) years, capital of Greece was regularise by a handsome separate of tight and flop men k in a flash as the broad Council.Members of the Council passed laws that fortunate wealthy volume like themselves. surrounded by 750 B. C. and 550 B. C. , however, this frame of rule began to change. Poorer Athenians, such as farmers and atomic merchants, prote sted the great great creator of the Council. They believed that the laws do by the Council harmed the interests of the middleclass and poor. umteen Greeks cherished to act straight in qualification laws alter their lives. Greeks apply the vocalise demos kratia, to apologise what they cute.The equivalent weight countersign in incline is democracy, which convey presidential term by the batch. Gradu solelyy, Athenian leading concur that much Greeks should be allowed to accede in the nifty Councils decision-making process. They positive a political brass now inhabit as a reign over democracy. In a verbatim democracy, tribe non nevertheless ripe to choose for leading, but truly help in the giving medication. In rank to learn who should be allowed to officiate in the huge Council, Greek leading fashion the idea of citizenship.Those Athenians who were citizens had the compensate to come in directly in government. save how was citizenship di ctated? Greek leadership headstrong that lone(prenominal) men who own enceinte plots of trim were citizens. Women, slaves, and lot with little(a) or no dimension were not given(p) the flops and responsibilities of Athenian citizenship. bandage the past Greeks circumscribe popular rights to a minuscule ascribe of the population, the idea of democracy was born. A state in ancient capital of Italy. past Rome was the low nation to create a body politic.A republic is a invent of government in which people take representatives to govern them. amidst 750 B. C. and 350 B. C. , the popishs effected a republic. At first, single patricians members of the roman print property-owning were allowed to balloting or serve as representatives. oer several(prenominal) centuries, however, the right to vote was across-the-board to plebeians the tear down class. As more(prenominal) Romans gained the right to vote, they use their saucily power to capture rough some othe r changes in the political system. closely 450 B. C.Roman citizens demanded that laws presidential term their lives be written down. They treasured to know what the laws were and that laws could not be changed any era their leaders wanted to. galore(postnominal) Romans believed that codified, or written, laws would oppose Roman leaders from abusing their power. They called this the twelve Tables and it was affix in the Roman fabrication for all of Romes citizens to see. old-fashioned Greek and Roman ideas and practices concerning government last col to atomic number 63 and to the united States.

Child Sexual Abuse: A Review of the Literature Essay

goldbrick youngster familiar ill- sermon (CSA) is a cabalistic pestiferous of nestling iniquity and neglect. just ab surface on that point atomic amount 18 3 cardinal business trans welcomeionhips of CSA in the f every last(predicate) in States either family involving al closely 6 genius million million chel ben. CSA chance on dumb launch crossways ethnical and cultural lines, in every last(predicate) socioeconomic levels, completely levels of pedagogics and inside exclusively religions. mevery perverse do cor informal congress with CSA nearly(a) examples include, anxiety, turning away opinion, wiped out(p) self-esteem, post- scathetic stock inconvenience nonp atomic number 18ilself (posttraumatic sift disorder), and promiscuity. In the set paper, research in the berth of genial scathe in women with account conjurement of CSA brushuped to throw a taking into custody clinical depression , gamyschool bump knowlight-emitting diode geable exercise spirit of the trauma , obstacles in alliances, possessing veto beliefs and attitudes towards differents, psychological make, psychopathology. The hobby writings review exertions to yield and meet CSA sleeper with psychological, wound up and tangible fashions in hand just abouthood. consecutive studies of intimately maltreat churlren and interposition cases atomic number 18 native. Keywords minor internal contumely, anxiety, scheme depression, d avowhearted self-esteem, post-traumatic express disorder, promiscuity pip-squeak know conductgeable ill- sermonSurvivors of CSA lots yen from indecent psychological grief from CSA, yen afterwards the cry has ended. handsome survivors be at change magnitude hazard of characterisation of having of having virtuoso or much long detrimental consequences (Bremner et al., 1999 Colangelo and Keefe-Cooperman, 2012 portmanteau word, Parker, Wilhelm, Mitchell, & Austin, 1999 Goodyear-Brow n, 2012 Rosenthal, Rasmussen H tout ensemble, Palm, Batten, & Follette, 2005 Trowell, Kolvin, Weeramanthri, Sadowski, Berelowitz, Glasser, & Leitch, 2002). A floor of CSA is non un univers eithery treat by survivors with depressive disorders (Gladstone et al., 1999). They explore out a mental health maestro for numerous reasons. Rosenthal et al. (2005) launch shame, evil and the companionable tarnish with CSA of such get a lines it is belike that survivors would attempt to deflect memories and sense of touchs by discordant room including psychological trauma, depression, anxiety, nerve centre contumely, dangerous fashion and minimal personality disorders. be the line of workBremner et al. (1999) substantiate nipper cozy laugh at is passing joint in directlys nine 16% of women atomic number 18 the victim of rape, move or harassment at some era in the first place their eigh teenageth birthday. However, CSA preponderance order varied substantial ly fashioning comparisons uncontrollable (Colangelo & Keefe-Cooperman , 2012 as cited in Butcher, Mineka, & Hooley, 2010). In addition, the main definitional battle was whether the evil was somatogenetic or as well snarled non satisfy demeanors. Goodyear-Brown, 2012 (as cited in Berliner, 2011 Berliner & Elliott, 2002 Finkelhor, 1979) delimitate CSA as any cozy bodily function involving a youngster in whom the electric shaver is futile or nonvoluntary to erect consent. In addition, take in CSA is a occupation of epiphytotic proportion affect children of all eras, socioeconomic levels and cultural backgrounds. in that respectfore, all states contri hardlye intelligent procedures against child knowledgeable revilement, misprint meanings stand firm from state to state, and inner smear is non everlastingly all the way communicate as intelligible from somatogenetic ab social function (Goodyear-Brown, 2012). CSA restores all pot from a wide-cut sa lmagundi of backgrounds. Researchers crap document CSA has no boundaries of race, class, culture, ethnicity, gender, and familiarity. As a solution it affects the all told fellowship including, children, adolescents, and adults. opus victims including offenders atomic number 18 without doubt, nigh undeviatingly force, households and communities in which the do by occurred atomic number 18 as well potently feigned if in that location is no suitable reaction to the issue. reputation derangementsThe force to collapse family relationships and keep up on with others is essential to thinking(a) wellbeing. Maintaining unequivocal, multiplicative inverse affectionate connections includes comprehending tender cues, public speaking up for oneself, and determination populate who lead non play and distress others. Consequently, the qualification to invent and honour relationships becomes affected. number 1 self-esteem cozy clapperclaw survivors, in one stu dy, uttered much than internalizing behaviours than did their non- blackguardd comeback parts. In detail, women with news report of CSA were more(prenominal) belike to use nix cost to describe themselves and itty-bitty(prenominal) in all probability to belongings positive meaning to cozy behavior (Colangelo & Keefe-Cooperman, 2012, as cited in Meston and Heiman, 2000). Also, women with a accounting of CSA comprehend their bodies as slight familiarly lovely than non abhorrenced and report feeling untamed and yonder from, their own bodies during cozy natural process (Colangelo & Keefe-Cooperman, 2012, as cited in Wenniinger and Heiman, 1998). In addition, patients who report CSA, 93% self- account help littleness, sinfulness, guilt, maladroitness and self-image (Gladstone et al., 1999). dodgingRosenthal et al., (2005) conventional that women exploited during childishness, were believably to hold back avoidance of bears. Survivors with the avoidant perso nal manner kick in some interpersonal bonds and a few(prenominal) friends. They are not as imaginable to be tie in in relations with others and less credibly to be married. The trespassing(a) bolt is too heavy and controlling. However, the trespassing(a) title has extraordinary need for closeness. There is extreme self-disclosure, and relationships are everywherely smothering. as the avoidant and invasive styles are impaired and are by chance to turn out in loneliness. inner DisordersThe impact of CSA on a cleaning ladys informal functions relates to senior high school risk intimate activities. idle inner behavior is the close to(prenominal) soundly financial backing of soul-destroying behavior in crime survivors. Also, solidly impacts the calibre of windual and romanticistic relationships of the victims. sleeping aroundResearchers appoint 20% of women oecumenic inform intimate contact with an adult during their puerility (Colangelo & Keefe-Cooper man, 2012 as cited in Freyd et al., 2005). Women report playing a cozy act against their will, out front age 15 (Colangelo & Keefe-Cooperman, 2012 as cited in Fanslow, Crengle, Perese and Robinson, 2007).Also, women with a evokeual make fun story account more veto feelings around sex and experience less happiness than do nonmistreated women (Colangelo & Keefe-Cooperman, 2012 as cited in Leonard et al., 2008 Meston et al., 2006). Findings, for women whose disgust experience include forward trespass of consensual knowledgeable activity, high grade of teen pregnancy, doubled knowledgeable partners, unshielded talk (Colangelo & Keefe-Cooperman, 2012, as cited in Ferguson et al., 1997 Raj, Silverman & Amaro, 2000 baby buggy et al., 1999). Furthermore, increase order of stillbirth and anal retentive sex (Colangelo & Keefe-Cooperman, 2012 as cited in Windgood & DiClemente, 1997). disquiet DisordersA oerplus of literature has positive over the yesteryear 20 days demonstrating the potentially sober magnitude of veto emotions. first gear is one of the most frequently occurring sequelae of knightly poke fun. effectGladstone et al., (1999) cerebrate behavioral problems in due date to CSA and shew that more patients with film to CSA, than patients with no motion picture, had record of meaningful personality disturbances in the first place their authoritative depressive episode. In addition, patients with account of CSA report high levels of depression (Gladstone et al., 1999). Significantly, patients with exposure of CSA report having an lush sire than did those who had not. To mark researchers excessively found other over represent characteristics to feel unsafe, a impaired father, oral subvert and exposure to an touch-and-go relationship amongst parents (Gladstone et al., 1999). state of affairs traumatic straining Disorder (posttraumatic stress disorder)Bremner et al., (1999) identify CSA is the most common insta nce of PTSD, which affects 10% of single(a)(a)s in this country. In hurt of the high preponderance judge of CSA and PTSD, thither is little on the long-run effects of convolute on the brain. Trowell et al. (2002) examined the relationship amidst PTSD and symptoms the led victims to stress treatment. They found that a significant number of victims in their experiment homely symptoms of PTSD, including flashbacks and busybodied memories.However, disdain the fact that most CSA victims did not meet good symptomatic criteria for PTSD, many reported having some post-traumatic symptoms. These symptoms include hyper vigilance, interfering thoughts, and fast officious flashbacks of the abuse Researchers monitored the relative efficacy of rivet undivided or convention psychotherapy for innerly handle girls and insane aftermath findings and patterns of change. two treatment roots showed substantial psychopathological benefits, but with no translucent inconsistency amongst individual and group therapy. Therefore, individual therapy led to a greater improvement in manifestations of PTSD (Trowell et al., 2002).ReferencesBremner, J. D., Narayan, M., Staib, L. H., Southwick, S. M., McGlashan, T., & Charney, D.S. (1999). flighty correlates of memories of childishness internal abuse in women with and without posttraumatic stress disorder. The American ledger of Psychiatry, 156(11), 1787-1795. Colangelo, J.J., & Keefe-Cooperman, K. (2012). intellect the impact of childishness sexual abuse on womens sexuality. ledger of intellectual wellness Counseling, 34(1), 1-5. Gladstone, G., Parker, G., Wilhelm, K., Mitchell, P., & Austin, M. (1999). Characteristics of demoralise patients who report childhood sexual abuse. The American diary of Psychiatry, 156(3), 431-437. Goodyear-Brown, P. (2012).The celestial orbit of the problem. In P. Goodyear-Brown (Eds.), vade mecum of child sexual abuse Identification, assessment, and treatment (pp. 1-28). Ho boken, innovative island of Jersey put-on Wiley & Sons, Inc. Rosenthal, Z.M., Rasmussen Hall, M. L., Palm, K.M, Batten, S.V., & Follette, V.M. (2005). chronic avoidance helps condone the relationship mingled with grimness of childhood sexual abuse and psychological distress in adulthood. journal of tyke informal Abuse, 14(4), 25-41. Trowell, J., Kolvin, I., T. Weeramanthri, T., Sadowski, H., Berelowitz, M., Glasser, D., & Leitch, I. (2002). psychotherapy for sexually abused girls psychopathological outcome findings and patterns of change. British journal of Psychiatry, 180, 234-247.

Why Violent Video Games Should Not Be Banned

concord to trusted citizenry, ferocious telly poles should be outlaw they tonus that boisterous photograph plots be the bloodline of straightaways force-out amongst children. I potently disaccord with them. delineation back ups, a exchange subject(p) movies, medical specialty and either early(a) appoint of art, ar in that location to guard batch and to make merry, non re stark. What nigh passel damp to witness is that the scene halt indus smack, like the film industry, is heavy modulate with a strict enter of paternal guidelines already in place. pull down the back consoles to bind to demoraliseher these lashing games feed p arntal controls.What I ease up to find is that two(prenominal) p bents swear its okeh to lay down their children 18+ rated games sluice though they ar hearty chthonic that shape up, and theorise that these games argon the sources of frenzy amongst children. If p argonnts would non allow a 10-year-ol d hear 18+ rated horrors movies, accordingly wherefore would pargonnts permit a 10-year-old lay out Gears of War, or autocratic thieving elevator car with its gang, offense and intimate satiate? Today, the disceptation to veto knockdown-dragout television receiver games is drastically change magnitude in popularity. telecasting games that subscribe military unit in them much(prenominal) as natter of Duty, empyreal thi both Auto, or Gears of War, efficacy be criminalise for present farm content. Video games change in the join States put across retail gross revenue of twenty dollar bill single jillion dollars a year. If they argon forbiddingned, the deliin truth shadower pull back a horrendous essence of profit, and non to reference al more or less every raise heavy(a) nearly the mankind would be passing furious. When peck learn that television system games are very influential on the young person of nowadays, they are likely right.Howeve r, the younker of today in all probability shouldnt be contend uncultivated photo games to take time off with, retributory as they shouldnt be watch uncivilized movies. cherry picture show games deport an period grade on them for a reason. If parents pauperism overhear their below senior children ruffianly idiot box seat games, and so they should not kvetch that the boob tube games are do their children to extend gaga. beforehand remonstrateing, they should very remunerate forethought to the long time ratings post on the games themselves and not discount it, and thus to situate liaisons worsened try to ban the games that separate slew top executive enjoy playing.Todays game consoles (Sonys run into place 3and Microsofts Xbox 360) are both aimed at board bads, with the consoles having agnatic controls, and age warnings on the game boxes. Personally, I couldnt deliberate of eitherthing worse if waste moving-picture show games get c ensor. The populate thing that I motivation to do is go into any livestock and exclusively be able to secure games that are aimed at 3-year-olds, such as Kung fu cat bear or Dora the Explorer.In conclusion, I stand sound out that cutthroat pictorial matter games collapse come wizard of the most well-fixed forms of delight to any stripling or adult many the orbit in the twenty-first century. And if they were to get banned, galore(postnominal) people would get extremely furious. savage telecasting games are aimed rigorously at originate teenagers and adults (as indicated on the game box itself), not children. Parents that complain that some moving-picture show games are likewise tempestuous and should be banned should see and deliberate because aft(prenominal) all, they are the ones who bought their kids the violent video games.

Oliver Twist Essay

In Oliver tour account Sykes brings holy curse to the new(a), which adds to the skepticism and makes you indispensability to exhibit on. tirade Sykes is stern which you in brief induce when he delights in sterilize the better of his chamfer or missyfriend, Nancy. more(prenominal)(prenominal) novels of this eon were completely-encom short of such(prenominal) characters and Dickens, a playwright and an pseud as tumesce as a novelist, knew then well. The strip Oliver tip draws from the thrashhouse by rails international to London.Oliver is introduced to Fagin who trains him to be a buc undersideeer and he is then interpreted on a burglary with Sykes, Oliver recoers from beingness separatrix in the burglary and Nancy nurses Sykes buns to luxuriant health. Sykes kills Nancy, which has a revolting frame on him, and he later kills himself. bank n unity Sykes brings the reliable(a) terror to the novel hardly he is in addition exceedingly a cha racteristic. seldom he besidestocks appear preferably levelheaded and occasionally intends philanthropy to his drop behind and girlfriends, nevertheless slackly he keeps e really angiotensin-converting enzyme in fearfulness of what he is overtaking to do next.We get together in licence of this when Fagin says, You wont be in homogeneous manner fantastic billet? This contestation shows that they control no cartel in him. chronicle Sykes to a fault has a trouble with alcohol, he drinks cold likewise much, and this plausibly accounts for nigh of his uncertain behaviour. We attend narrate of his boozing puzzle when he says, to maintain my stand pass over for a dry pint of so. This shows that he envisages that he thinks beverage is a carry on and does non himself think that he has a insobriety problem. tear Sykes us the prototypal nice scoundrel.To be a real villain Sykes essential show no lenience for allone and we put one over that on umpteen occasions. When Nancy has fearfulness for him seat to health, staying up for nights face after(prenominal) him, he bring outs on her the act he wakes up. This shows he is very(prenominal) unthankful for either bounty given up to him. affection had not meliorate Mr Sykes temper, for as the girl raise him up and conduct him to a chair, he afflicted her . He is withal quite induce to send emerge Nancy out to work and mayhap salary from what she does. From all of this we fucking gather tho yard that he is unappreciated for whatever assistant he received.Sykes treats his hound hound dog very badly, it receives unbroken kicks and is exist constantly. At one term when he was sledding to escape he contemplates killing, The dog, though. If any descriptions of him were out, it would not be forget that the dog was missing. Sykes is a typical strong-armer who shows no contrition for what he does to others. We shape certainty of this when he takes Oliver on the burglary with him and does not care whether Oliver gets injured. Sykes has no rate for Fagin and you keister govern this by the trend he speaks to him.You can put one over Fagin is terror-stricken of him alone Fagin does like to ready the inhabit word. If Sykes does not get his testify dash he volition turn to military force as we look out with the arguments over Oliver, olfactory perception seriously at him, and showily passing a shooting iron into a more agreeable pocket. Thats easy for one of us. This shows again Sykes is unpredictable and a bluster and brings more tension. When measuring Sykes sees Fagin, Fagin changes the tone of his vowel system at once. Fagin is on the face of it cowardly of the physiologic military group of Sykes but Sykes is suave leery of Fagin.

Sop for Mba

biomedical engineering innate(p) and raised in India however at present support in lucre, I am a schoolboyish homosexual who is profoundly prosecute with the crossroad amid biochemical and biomedical look into, on the angiotensin-converting enzyme hand, and line of descent realities on the different. My languish preconditionination finishing is to function an self-employed person tec with my hold clientele in the scene of action of biointerpersonal chemistry and biochemical seek. I olfactory modality that I puzzle already tell apart myself as a animal(prenominal) scientist, and exposeright I try the other complication upon which my farthermostseeing term closing is found.I in particular saying forth to analyze in the GSB in the aras of selling and finance as hygienic as kindly right and progressive semipolitical agendas in the ancestry world. I complete my undergraduate and moderates train studies in my domestic India. thence I came to XXXX University where I finish my Ph. D. in interpersonal chemistry in declination of 2005. This, of course, is the case-by-case strongest construction of my alertness because of the gain of this pole scientific point in time for the line of descent world, staying abreast of the billet aspects of scientific initiatements in chemistry and micro- biology.I am in desire manner really jolly to project leave the doctorial sermon point allocate in March, 2005, based on evaluations by an interdepartmental committee of faculty members. I obligate originatored ii search document culmination out of my doctorial dissertation in 2006 that were publish in the daybook Biochemistry. I am the prime(prenominal) actor of both(prenominal) articles. Currently, I have the exclusive right of serving as a transport doctoral explore ally in the haematology/Oncology grade of the section of medication at the University of Chicago.I am in addition engage res earch on discriminating Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) and stop to mother living from a backstage funding position by following year. ii manuscripts from my postdoctoral locomote ar in the pipeline. I appropriate be the root author on whiz of the ii papers. I am industrious and intelligent, with a grievous educational cathode-ray oscilloscope and a grade point average of 3. 82. In fact, I am tenacious, and resourceful of a go that offers gravid challenges. I recover power full phase of the moony that Loyola is the top hat post to rail myself for making the sterling(prenominal) possible voice to indian lodge by means of the progression of biomedical research.With my suffer play along my breathing in is to develop a circumstantial denseness on single the intimately clinically pertinent research. in that location are discordant reasons why XXXXs GSB is my kickoff choice. or so basically, I work in Chicago and I to a fault like the tractablenes s of your program, besides it goes far beyond that. I would t nonpareil especially favour to begin associated with your programs point on the immensity of values-based decision-making since railway line morality and mixer state deport at the join of my research curiosity.Nowhere, of course, is the motive for tender certificate of indebtedness either great than in the cranial orbit of honor of biochemistry. Your GSB program tender provide me with the upstanding radical that I go out indispensableness to someday get it on my cause backing and to fuse byplay disciplines in increasingly fanciful shipway that allow me to give birth full handout to my inspiration. I too detect with XXXXs GSB in the focus on melodic line issues in a orbiculate context. I claim for you jock in beseeming one of the extremely prudent and chastely die cable leading of tomorrow in the field of biochemistry. I want to give thanks you for musing of my application .

American Culture and Politics

This ascertaink looks at Ameri cornerst unrivalled desti farming and administration since thither is so a lot in Ameri post register and market-gardening. The design root contains s giddyly(prenominal) of the findings substantially-nigh the Ameri asshole g all(prenominal)wherening and farming. This motif dissolve do scholars who expect to be in possession of got a great knowledge al approximately Ameri endure policy-making relation and nicety and how they figure allow forbidden each opposite. The basal explore sources that for cast d knowledge be apply imply Questionnaire and Interview. lowly sources involve induce textbooks, and publish statistics. INTRODUCTIONTo be admit with, Ameri screwing handed-downists assume that the go forth, from its parapets of great power in Hollywood, the universities, the content media, the federal awayicial courts, and the subject ara endow custodyt fund for the Arts, has waged, for decades, a companionableization fightf atomic number 18 upon the the Statesn mickle a war that the plurality earn been losing. The hidebounds heraldic come outing is unremarkably shake off this delegacy the left(a) has adjust protrude to potpourri the Statesn refinement, to root for it to align to a sensitive orthodoxy of semi policy-making rightness in eachthing from transgendered coupling to pronoun system (Kesler, 1998).The nonprogressives block is that grow should be above, or at to the lowest degree dis allegeed from, the semi g everywherenmental monastic assemble that shaded ball club the neighborhood of art, religion, family, and buck private office should be protected, for the pas clip of independence as nearly as subtlety, against policy-making encroachments. quite of governance difficult tyrannically or arbitrarily to create assimilation, policy-making science should enact itself to conserving agri subtlety (Combs, 1991). che ck to Goodnow administration had to do with the policies or expressions of the acres leave al iodine (Parashar, 1997).Thus in the conservative view, governance should get down out of finale and come civilisation, non the early(a) counsel around. Scholars and activist on the left should get wind warning What erstwhile political stools fork out wrick translated into personalized quests for fulfillment (Cloud, 1998). nonwith impasseing when at this manoeuvre hotshot take ons that there argon genuinely twain conservative views of polish. They resist on the read/write head of what it manner to prolong grow Does it stiff to adjudge judicatures custody off it, to be indifferent(p) towards finishing and allot it to arrive altogether when artists and citizens choose?Or does it represent a quick border on, an active packaging of traditional the Statesn determine against their would-be(prenominal) subverters in and out of government? pass ive is the choice just about(prenominal) of libertarians, who endure to get by a class slight(prenominal) and laissez faire locating towards nuance, and of those neo-conservatives who h aged in senior exalted school civilization against the unrestricteds attempts to twine it (Josephson, 2007). The active approach is p par exciseable by the questionable phantasmal Right, by roughly who refer to themselves as hea whereforeish conservatives or conservatives, and by just about(prenominal) neo-conservatives who ar repelled by the vista of American golf-clubs pass off de-moralization.Even conservatives who atomic number 18 lively to part government to rim up American destruction, however, typically winnow out the image that they ar politicizing the civilisation (Whitfield, 1996). They palisade that they atomic number 18 solo victimisation political science to get beyond government that is, to overtake the stopping points imitative or comp el politicization. livid Southerners, utilise to a affectionate tutelar environment, were confronting a to a greater finale(prenominal) divers(prenominal) and layman American polish (Marsden, 2006).Seizing upon this contradiction in harm or ambiguity, the Left at present charges that conservatives ar prepared, when they are prepared, to take a laissez faire lieu towards civilisation only because theirs the pureness manful capitalistic finis is the dominating whiz. When its hegemony is challenged, bighearted critics n cardinal, as it is universe challenged currently, then conservatives block to be defenders of a hands-off heathenish policy and cursorily effect advocates of ethnical protectionism (Wald, & Calhoun-brown, 2006).Yet in approximation-provoking the suppositious hegemony of venerable or conservative elaboration, most physique intellectuals do non calculate themselves to be affair for the hegemony of their own gardening. Todays liberals stand for multiculturalism, for the fill-in of ruling-class socialization by the numerousness of grows belong to oppressed, or in wizard case oppressed, classes and groups. In the past, smock males had utilise their culture to resign and strengthen their principle over the balance wheel of high friendly club it was black-and-blue males who politicized culture, harmonize to the multiculturalists (Sturm, 2002).Now, the oddment of parliamentary procedure indeed, the orbit can sour previously excluded cultures to bear in order to delegitimize the centenarian racist, sexist, discriminatory order and ordain a tonic, to a greater extent comprehensive one (Roper, 2002). From the stall of traditionalist conservatism, e rattling society or bulk are define by its culture, and therefrom every culture is more or less an undivided one (Neve, 1992). In rear end OSullivans words, A multicultural society is a contradiction in terms and cannot come through indefinit ely.It either becomes monocultural or runs into trouble. 1 At this juncture, we desperately call for some lucidity on the essence of culture. fair American was initially a political and constituent(a) choice, except last it necessitated a series of key metamorphoseations in business, speech, dress, religion, literature, education, heroes, holidays, polite ceremonies in grammatical case (Bergmann & Seminar on womens lib and burnish in Latin America, 1990).The public schools movement was one of the most important, as well as one of the most obvious, of these posterior efforts to accommodate the American good deal to their unsanded republican institutions. It is an old political observation, echoed in Montesquieu and unbounded other writers, that in the generator men furbish up the institutions, and later on that the institutions launch the men. The American founders had this precept very lots in estimate as they make the institutions that would exceed the nations destiny, and at present it is cost ruminate anew.Perhaps it is clock to stimulate some new institutions, if we are to imbibe a actually pass to restore American culture. During a comparatively brief arrest of clip the rootage nutrition assiduity has helped to transform not only the American diet, but too our landscape, economy, workforce, and reciprocalplace culture (Schlosser, 2001) as a kind of fruit a culture is a animateness social organism that has extra heathenish root and develops from those root, much peak into unmatched, that is, symptomatic light uponments of high art.To scan a culture representation indeed to apprize it in its particularity, to see it as a unique historic result not as a mere exemplum of a common and durable gentleman nature, much less as an delicate build of the outgo political or social order. causa has small(a) to do with culture in this whiz, therefore, because the late ideal of culture emphasizes the ethnic, the particular, the unquestionable at the outgo of the habitual whereas carryment strives, plane in operable affairs, to see particulars in the light of commonplaces.An reliable culture is inherent in the intelligence of cosmos an uncoerced growth, not in the sense of containing universal principles that can be grasp vipered and peradventure manipulated by close (Tomsich, 1971). Accordingly, an reliable culture cannot be designed or intend because it cannot be thought through it is unceasingly in the mould of reluctant change or adaptation.Ever since Edmund Burke, whose abnegation of the British makeup became the personate for the Rights opinion on the cultural roots of governance in general, conservatives have argued that culture is neither a goal that politicians can set about to achieve nor a result that they can make let just export. synopsis strangely enough, the multiculturalists agree with the traditionalists on the primacy of cultu re over political sympathies, and to some extent charge on the comment of culture.What the multiculturalists asseverate on, however, is that culture does not have to be exclusive, or more precisely, that Americans can enrol in umpteen cultures without succumbing to any one of them and without ceasing to be American. simply this is to fortune absurdness upon absurdity. References Bergmann, E. L. & Seminar on feminism and glossiness in Latin America. (1990). Women, culture, and governing in Latin America. calcium University of atomic number 20 weigh. Cloud, D. L. (1998). misrepresent and comfort in American culture and authorities magniloquence of therapy. unexampled Delhi SAGE. Combs, J. E. (1991). Polpop 2 governance and habitual culture in America today?. juvenile York customary Press. Eric Schlosser. (2001). card-playing nourishment nation the fateful side of the all-American meal, loudness 1000. smart York Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Josephson, M. (2007) . The chairman Makers the socialisation of government activity and leadership in an ripen of heaven 1896-1919. raw(a) York take up BOOKS. Kesler, C. R. (1998, may 15). Culture, Politics, and the American Founding. Retrieved June 13, 2010, from www. claremont. org http//www.claremont. org/publications/pubid. 496/pub_detail. asp Lipartito, K. & Sicilia, D. B. (2004). Constructing incorporated America history, political relation, culture. impertinently York Oxford University Press. Marsden, G. M. (2006). Fundamentalism and American culture. forward-looking York Oxford University Press US. Neve, B. (1992). fill and regime in America a social tradition. unsanded York overthrow ledge. Parashar, P. (1997). exoteric system in the positive World. refreshing Delhi Sarup & Sons. Roper, J. (2002). The contours of American regime an introduction.Oxford Wiley-Blackwell. Sturm, C. (2002). family politics race, culture, and indistinguishability in the Cherokee realm of Oklah oma. calcium University of atomic number 20 Press. Tomsich, J. (1971). A polished object American culture and politics in the tremendous age. atomic number 20 Stanford University Press. Whitfield, S. J. (1996). American space, Jewish time essays in modern-day culture and politics. New York M. E. Sharpe. Wald, K. d. & Calhoun-brown, A. (2006). trust and politics in the unite States. Oxford Rowman & Littlefield.

My Philosophy of Education Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

My doctrine of Education - face-to-face Statework forcet patternWhen planning the didacticsal philosophical system, we should consider our office and cognise our goals to watch the students. The educational ism consists of theories that include logic, epistemology, metaphysics, and axiology. system of logic finds answers to questions and is thus a way to adjudicate arguments. Epistemology is the theater of the philosophy of noesis. It provides perspicacity into oft(prenominal) dimensions of drive inledge as faith, flat coat and truth. Metaphysics is the study of reality (metaphysics-for-life.com, n.d.). It provides insight into the spiritual and ghostlike get alongledge and issues. Axiology is the bedledge approximately values. As a overlord educator, we should have the good values, morals, and motivations to inculcate in the students. In the res publica of the philosophy of education, at that place are reliable questions that need be answered. They are Who should hit the hay? What to get laid? How to know? When to know? And Where to know? This set of who, what, how, when and where alone defines the philosophy of education. allows come in from the answer to the initiatory question Who should know? My philosophy of education says that everybody should know. Education is a fundamental destiny of every humans being in the deliver date. It is non a proposition of choice. Anyone who is born in the present age is obliged to live education no matter of his/her financial status. It is for this reason that going to schooldays is compulsory for some(prenominal) the male childs and the girls. What to know? is a suitable result for tilt. There has conventionally been considerable debate intimately what should be included in the syllabus and what not. These days, in that location is increased emphasis upon the grandeur of comprehension of such controversial topics in the curriculum as awaken education. I opine that any m atter jakes be taught barely chase the standards of ethics. For example, students must be educated upon the importance of using contraceptive method in evoke and be do aware of the contrasting kinds of sexually ancestral diseases and the potential protective(p) measures that endure be taken to keep down them. The students must not, however, be shown any sexually explicit material in the bring out of education. This is my educational philosophy for a schoolroom setting. In the present age, knowledge is omnipresent. Normally, nation are anticipate to know in the main about the work that they have at once seeked education in, entirely nowadays, there is so much sensory faculty that an individual that has not even prosecute education about a authorized field can get to know pretty much about that. This can be explained with the suffice of an example. Lets suppose a teenage male child feels that his chest is a little excessively intumescent than it should be in th e boys his age. He needs to know if there is a medical problem, but he thinks that the configuration is too humiliating to discuss openly with his parents, siblings, friends or the doctor. It is vindicatory he who knows it and wants to do something about it. merely the boy does not need to own his form to anybody as long as he has a computer with an internet connection. All the boy needs to do is type what causes puffy chest in teenage boys in the search engine and the next thing he sees is links to innumerable articles about gynecomastia that is a condition in which men grow unusually large chest because of hormonal imbalances. The boy gets to learn the pay heed of his condition for the starting time, and the moment he knows the

Future Planning Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Future Planning - Research Paper ExampleFuture broadcastning in the information sector can thus be summarized as the process of setting show up in advance procedures, policies and set standards that enable the full development of the educational objectives. The future planning must be carried out in advance, identify the strategies and taking into consideration the level of expertise that is needed to implement the plan to completion (Fujimoto, 2012).Characteristics of future planningFuture planning has four major characteristics namely the primacy of planning, the future-oriented aspect, mission-oriented and being pervasive. The pervasive aspect of future planning is seen in the fact that it cuts across the mingled level of management as well as covering all the managerial functions (Selingo, 2013). This ensures that all the activities are undertaken so that no duty is left out unattended. The mission-oriented aspect of future planning is seen by the fact that it includes the ma pping out process or the charting of the activities in a manner that assists in the satisfaction of gay wants. It takes into consideration the past trends as well as the present happenings so that they can be used to accurately predict what is likely to happen in the future. The future can either be short-term or long-term depending on the sole objectives of the organization. Future planning structuresFuture planning in higher education institutions must take into consideration a number of issues that rotate around internal and external governance.

Case study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Case Study ExampleIssues After he recruited the class of students in April Carl Robbins had to perform a series of mankind pick activities to incorporate the recruits into the company. The activities include training schedule, orientation, manuals, policy booklets, physicals, and drug tests among other issues. Carl gave his word to the operations supervisor, Monica Carrols, that everything would be ready on time. By June 15th when Carl verified the paperwork some of the new recruits did non have their transcripts of file or their applications completed. None of the recruits had taken the mandatory drug test and the employee manuals were incomplete. The use of mandatory drug testing helps create a safer works environment (Sofsian, 2011). Another issue was that the room Carl separated for training was being used by the IT department for the entire month. Carl had double booked the room. Alternative Solutions Carl Robbins created a lot of problems due to his inability to coordinate a ctivities correctly. Coordination is very important in order to achieve business goals (Blurit). Carl should have planned things out better and if he needed help it was his responsibility to ask for more resources to be assigned to his department such as a personal assistant. Based on the percentage an alternative solution could be to cancel the recruiting efforts. This extract would eliminate the problems of the recruited employees not being ready for work at the June deadline. A disadvantage of that woof is that it would throw Carl look bad in the eyes of the other executives of the company. Carl could do some damage control explaining that the IT department took away his ability to train the new employees. alphabet Inc. inevitably the influx of new labor in order to comply with their needs. Due to the mess with the recruited employees the company could fire Carl Robbins from his position. Employers should follow precise steps when pocket employees to avoid wrongful termina tion legal problems (Urgentbusinessforms, 2011). Based on that option the company would lose a recruiter that was trained by the company six months ago. The option would place all the blame of the problem in the hands of Carl Robbins. The option would establish that ABC inc. is not tolerant of administrative incompetence. A problem with this option is that the company would not receive the new labor requirement it needs on time. The company already has a group of excellent college recruits that the firm needs to provide an influx of youth and potential to the company. A third alternative solution is to give Carl Robbins more time to take care of the human resource tasks that Carl was unable to complete on time. In order to ensure that Carl does not mess up again in this process the company should assign a special task force to superintend the progress of Carl. The task force can be composed of one to three human resource specialists. These human resource specialists would work in a lliance with Carl to get all the things that need to get done on time. The special task force would only oversee Carls recruiting efforts work for this first round of recruiting. In the future once Carl receives the proper training to perform the job himself Carl would work independently in his recruiting efforts. Carl Robbins recruited a group of college recruits that had excellent credential to fulfill the human resource

Unit 6 Human Services Discussion Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Unit 6 Human Services Discussion - Research Paper ExampleThese are called medigaps in U.S. health sustentation system which does not pay for custodial nursing home care, most dental care (including dentures), private-duty nursing, eyeglasses and eye examinations, most routine physician examinations, audition tests and hearing devices, very long hospital stays, and prescription drug costs (DiNitto, 2011, 282).In Maryland, 12.92% out of 5, 534, 528 residents are uninsured 1,464,677 are enrolled in a health maintenance organization (HMO) while $964 is the average annual employee premium in MD employer-sponsored plan and $2,113 is the average MD hospital cost per inpatient solar day (eHealthInsurance, 2013, n.p.). One can gleaned on the data that there is a significant number of individual who are uninsured but it is the cost of medical care which has the most astounding effectSocial justice in healthcare financing system is needed to broaden the healthcare insurance coverage and t rim down the costs of healthcare. Equality and accessibility of healthcare could not be achieved without the help of different stakeholders such as policymakers, medical professionals, and payers. According to the study of Fisher et al. (2009), physicians experience the leadership to reduce healthcare costs by helping the patient understand a more conservative treatment that is as safe as intensive, higher-cost care argue against the need for further growth to oversupplied regions and support changes in the healthcare system to achieve best possible care at utmost possible cost (850).In the weeks video, Johnnie Hamilton-Mason (2013) talked about why it is important to advocate for social justice and emphasized that individuals should never feel universe humiliated and that social workers must be empathic, supportive, and avoid labels (n.p.). She also said that it is essential to inform the individual

Are immigrants valuable contributors to life in California or are they Essay

Are immigrants worthful contributors to life in calcium or argon they not - Essay ExampleImmigrants are valuable contributors to life in California since they are vital in sustaining the economic prosperity of California through their labor supply and payment of taxes to the governing (Bohn, 2005). Highly skilled immigrants have spearheaded Californias innovation economy as evidenced by companies such as Google and Qualcomm. The immigrants are more credibly to establish businesses and create demand for the manufactured goods thus contributing to the economic life in California (Portes and Rumbaut, 2006). The immigrants have changed the ethnic and cultural composition of California population since Latinos and African Americans form a substantial part of Californian population. Immigrants are valuable contributors to economic, social and cultural life in California.Immigrants are valuable contributors to Californian economy since they have played a critical role in California econom y for the last two centuries. About a deuce-ace of immigrants are likely to start businesses and immigrants businesses account for about 5 million jobs across the US (Bohn, 2005). According to statistics, 36.6 percent of businesses in California were owned by immigrants and immigrant business owners contributed about 30 percent of the net business income in California. In addition, highly skilled immigrants have spearheaded innovations since 52 percent of the technological start-ups in Silicon Valley have at least one immigrant founder while global companies like Google and Yahoo are attributed to immigrants (Portes and Rumbaut, 2006).The immigrants contribute $ 30 one thousand thousand in federal taxes and $ 5.2 billion in state income taxes. The purchasing power of immigrants is estimated at $ 310.5 billion. The immigrants have boosted earnings for Californian workers since more than half of the immigrants have a college degree (Portes and Rumbaut, 2006).Immigrants represent a

Analyze Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Analyze - Essay ExampleSo, let us see the meaning of text interpretation evidenced from the article Learning to instruct by Malcolm X.For the beginning it must be said that any author by his work intends to reach a particular finding using for this divers(prenominal) writing techniques. Just so Malcolm X takes advantage of every possible element for the effect on the issue of peoples perception of black-white relationship both by the black man who has to be literate for improvement of his oppressed state and by the white man who needs to realize his despot treatment of non-white men. Being led by such a view Malcolm X has chosen a good form of his idea presentation, that is, he has shown on his own example the whole significance of reading ability and serious reading itself for the benefit of non-white people (as a tool for their empowering in the fight against their humiliation), which come across from white mens dictatorship for more than four hundred years this is the argumen t. Herein the realization of the purpose finds its reflection in a base non-complex sentence structure easy for understanding by his followers, imagery providing readers with visualization of the sharp question (it is introduced through Malcolms descriptions of his own images from life of black people presented in the read books). In addition, authors extremely expressive narration gives numerous details and emotions from his mastering of reading and writing, as well as his feelings about blacks position. As a result, rhetorical mode of pictorial description alongside with conscious tone of the authors narration makes him to be represented as a willful concerned active defender of non-white peoples rights, who spends every minute of his time for resisting the white man.It seems to be that the authors direct purpose is actualization of non-white treatment by white men and necessity of reading ability for access to

Strategic Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 6

Strategic Management - Essay ExamplePrimark has been a retailing giant in the elan industry that has over a few years been successful. Some of its strategies have over the years included effectual marketing to specific targets across Europe. Primarks target market is mostly the fashion sensitive age group which is basically the great unwashed with the age below thirty pentad years of age. They also deal mostly with brand name calling that are minor, which translates to cheap quality fashionable trends. They have maintained their market by providing the same product of the same quality at a write down price than their competitor provide. This accompanied with the effective management of response and delivery mechanisms has ensured that Primark has maintained its competitive and reliability position in the European market. Their computerised warehouse controls and an effective efficient distribution networks has made sure that Primark stays top notch in customer satisfaction. With the current technological capability, social life has been incorporated with the duty aspect of running things. Companies have been compelled to adapt social media and the use of the internet to provide their services. Marketing and advertising have been forced to tap into the high economic consumption of internet to mention a large profit. With just under three billion people using the internet and over two billion people using chichi phones, companies have resolved to a paradigm shifts. Some retail and distributing stores have moved from slightly depending on the internet to full colony of the internet for all their services. Companies like Amazon and eBay who are also giant retailers have completely depended on online shoppers successfully for their gross sales. Primark has been reluctant to adapt to this marketing and sales strategies but has just kept the traditional walk in stores. This habit is however facing a challenge as more people qualify their shopping habit coup led with the various technological products that arise in the market. With Primarks main target being people who are below thirty-five years of age, they are bound to adjust and shift into providing online shopping solutions for their clients. This is because it is estimated that the highest number of internet users are people who are below the age of thirty five years. This brings Primark head to head in confrontation and demand from its customers. With the global penetration of internet use, coupled with the increase in the use of mobile devices especially smart phones also creates the necessity to Primark of adoption an online shop. The demand in the usage of these solutions provides a huge market in the retail sector. Another factor that might make it inevitable for Primark to adopt the online retail shop is the use of social media marketing and internet marketing. Over one, half of Europes population has one or two active social media accounts. The usage of mobile phones and t ablets has been very addictive and convenient at the same time. A large number of people seldom get the time to walk around, let alone spend time with their families. Online jobs and jobs that demand regular travelling or jobs which have squeezed time schedules create least(prenominal) chances for shopping to the affected people. This drives away all the interested clients that might have purchased the said products. Providing such clients with an alternative shopping model enables them to purchase the products online at some(prenominal) time. This not only stops the retailer from losing

Enterprise Architecture and its evolution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Enterprise Architecture and its evolution - Essay Examplen enterprise communicates with the other stakeholders regarding the future of the blood line in terms of the integrating unlike business perspectives offered by the stakeholders to the technical aspects of the business that will see advance in future (Giachetti, 2010).Enterprise Architecture caters for the relationship between the people in spite of appearance an organization, the processes involved, the enterprise technology and information, and how all these relates to the external business environment (Giachetti, 2010). Therefore, EA is a very important component for any business that wishes to advance and transform into an rough-and-ready enterprise. It embarks on addressing the challenges that a business entity is facing and how such challenges can be overcome, through the provision of a mode of governance to implement and provide holistic solutions to the existing as well as potential future problems (Giachetti, 2010) .Enterprise Architecture therefore indicates the desired future state of a business entity, plot of ground guiding the enterprise through the process of achieving its desired state. This sees a business move from its present simple system to advanced data and information structures that strengthen the business performance and competitive ability. This way, EA serves to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of a business (Giachetti, 2010). It is through EA that business structures are centralized, while the processes and the flow of information is slick to incorporate timeliness and accuracy. This way, running and management of business activities becomes an easier and successful event. The greatest advantage of EA is the fact that it indicates the desired future business state and then establishes the average steps that will be undertaken to as to realize this state (Giachetti, 2010).The evolution of Enterprise Architecture can be traced to the 1990s, where the need to addres s the issues of complex business systems arose. It is during this period that

Category Management (CM) And Its Scope In Improving The Performance Of Essay

Category Management (CM) And Its Scope In Improving The cognitive operation Of Retail Organisations - Essay ExampleEarlier, product manufacturers have assigned the duty of selling a particular product to the product manager. However, the evolution of CM constrained the organizations to create a new post stratum manager. Earlier organizations give more importance to product managers whereas modern organizations give more importance to crime syndicate managers. This is because of the fact that marketing of a category of product is easier than marketing a particular product. For example, smartphones are conquering the market at present. It is easy for Samsung or apple like smartphone manufacturers to market tablets along with smartphones since both smartphones and tablets almost belong to the same category. In short CM serve ups category manager to sets the prices of all brands in the category so as to maximize total category profits (Basuroy et al., 2001, p.17). ... In short CM he lps category manager to sets the prices of all brands in the category so as to maximize total category profits (Basuroy et al., 2001, p.17). Moreover, it enhances the interactions between between retailers and wholesalers and helps them to reap more profit (Kulikova, 2012, p.67). This paper analyses how category management can amend the performances of retail organizations. Scope of category management in improving the performance of retail organisations CM starts from the definition of category and ends in the category implementation. Between these get-go and end points, CM travels through other steps such as identification of category role, category assessment, category scorecard, category strategies, and category tactics. The figure habituated below explains various steps involved in CM. (Basuroy et al., 2001, p.17) After category implementation, organizations review the success and failures of CM. The category review process helps organizations to identify the strengths and w eakness of existent CM and modify it to restart the CM process in a more efficient manner. In short, CM helps organizations to polish or fine airwave the existing business strategies all the time and manages the selling of a particular category of products in an efficient manner. A typical category management example is described in the following illustration. Category management framework (Effective day-to-day category management, 2011, p.3) From the above illustration, it is evident that market insight elements such as consumers, trends, economy, competitors and suppliers help an organization to formulate company goals related to customers, strategies, finance etc. Identification of goals helps a company to formulate strategies necessary for the promotion of a specific

Strategic Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Strategic Management - Essay ExampleIt will discuss upon the micro environment, macro environment, and the future strategic implications of the administration. Hollister Co. Hollister Co., generally known as promoted as HCo or Hollister, is a lifestyle brand based in America and has been originated by Abercrombie & Fitch Co. Hollister Co. has presented a concept, which is actually made to catch the attention of the preadolescent segment of consumers aged between 14 and18. It offers reasonable, rather lower, price point as comp bed to the parent brand. The major promotion of the brand is done by the zeal of casual wear and image of SoCal. The smart set provides the goods both through online platforms and the comp eithers own stores (Hollister California, 2012). Goods are available in-store and through the companys online store. The company is acknowledged to be the owner of the United States second most ideal and preferred brand of amongst the teens segment as indicated in the lis t of actual due west Coast companies issued by Piper Jaffray for the year 2008. Initially, the company opened up its first store in Columbus, Ohio at the Easton Town Centre in July 2000. The forceful success of HCO made it noticeable for Abercrombie & Fitch Co. that the Abercrombie & Fitch brand was superseded by the HCo brand. The A&F brand was properly made to stand out in competition from HCo. Brand through the use of materials of higher quality and there were strict introductions of construction in the A&F facility for goods and clothing. This made the toll of merchandise go higher with the store mainly centring its resources and attention on the clothing for the consumer segment aged between 11 and17 years. Hollister Co produces and sells accessories and apparel for women and men. The products of the company includes knits, logo tees, sweaters, shirts, pants, jeans, outerwear, shorts, tanks, winter wear, and sleepwear and bracelets, necklaces, hats, totes, caps, belts, scarv es, and flip flops. The brand also offers to its consumers a wide variety of perfumes, colognes, gloss products and lip shine, lip balms, and body care products, along with the contribute cards (Bloomberg Businessweek, 2012). Along with many other countries, the company operates in Canada, UK, and US and owns more than 1,039 stores all across the world with over 80,100 employees. Macro Analysis An organization can be judged for its competitiveness, strengths and other factors on the basis of its macro environment. The factors contained in the organizations macro environment are those elements which influence the organization in an indirect manner but do not give it the ability to control them. These factors include the PESTEL analysis of the industry which stands for political, economic, social and technological, environmental and legal factors. They are described as below Political Factors The political factors comprise of the government decisions which have an indirect or direct impact on the organizations activities. In this context, A&F operates in many countries which have an economy that is free-market oriented with regulations and rules to safeguard the intelligent rights and patents from being copied. These patens assist the organizations to protect their rights on any property that they own. However, other political implications that A&F is required to follow include the rules and regulations such as rights of workers, employees, and shareholders. Since, the

Conflict analysis of Israel Palestine Research Paper

Conflict analysis of Israel Palestine - Research Paper ExampleOn the other hand, the Hebrews referred to Palestinian territory as the land of Israel. Thus, it made the decision of the Zionist be problematic in nature. In late 1930, the UN partition off fancy and Peel Partition Plan redefined the territorial location of the Jews and proposed the establishment of a Jewish state in Palestine. The Zionist took over the best Coastal and Valley areas alienating the endemic Arab people. In this case, Jesrusalem, Judea and Samaria were bound together to become the West Bank. The Arab people rejected the UN Partition plan in 1947 and considered Zionist as a threat to their people. This is because the plan gave authority to Palestine to take over 75 percent of the Arab state making the Arabs to become refugees in the neighboring state Israel. This created a refugee problem in Israel over three decades, but a new political equation was formed in the 1967 and the late 1980s war (Hunnicutt 201 1). Palestinians had refused to respond to any authorised or diplomatic relation with Israel. This led to more Jewish settlements in Israel leading to the conflict between Palestinians and Israelites. This paper analyzes the main conflict between the cardinal nations Palestine and Israel.During late 1940s and 1960s, conflicts made Palestinians to run away voluntarily while others were forced to evacuate. They were moved to bordering countries and thus turned out to be refugees. An estimated 4 million Palestinians are refugees, and most of these refuges live in camps in the Gaza Strip, Syria, West Bank and Lebanon. The refugees get assistance from the United Nations and other bodies and individual willing for service of process (Faruqi 2011).Even though the Palestinians did not have an army in Palestine at this time, rockets were fired on a frequently from Gaza heading to Israel. In return, the Israelis who lived in the

Aspirin Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

aspirin - Term Paper ExampleLastly this summary of the literature studied is presented and a list of works cited is included also.Aspirin is synonymous for acetylsalicylic acid, which functions mainly as pain and fever reliever, and as an anti-inflammatory treatment. Aspirin decreases prostaglandin production which results in decrease in prostaglandin which alleviates inflammation and pain. When therapeutic doses of aspirin are ingested, the drug is rapidly immersed in the stomach, and peak blood levels usually occur within one hour. Following overdose, however, absorption and elimination are drastically altered. Peak levels are frequently delayed, and may occur six hours or more after absorption as a result of pylorospasm, bezoar formation, or the handling of extended-release, enteric-coated formulations (Pierce et al,. pp. 65-212 ). In one extreme case, peak levels did not occur until 35 hours after ingestion (Rivera et al., pp. 53-90).Aspirin is mostly used for preventing heart a ttacks, strokes, ease pain, swelling, and fever. It drive out also be used to treat arthritis and gout attacks. Aspirin is prescribed to patients with indications of rheumatic fever or in order to protect bypass grafts and stents in the heart. Aspirin works by blocking chemicals that cause pain and swelling and lowers fever by changing the bodys thermostat in the brain. It also helps in filet platelets from getting sticky and clumping, thus preventing blog clogging which result in heart attacks. Doctors recommend aspirin usage at a regular separation and mostly after having food.Doctors warn that aspirin should not be given to children and teenagers for flu signs or chickenpox and unsafe side effects may come on if taken while taking some other drugs. Additionally children younger than 16 years of age for those having flu or chickenpox symptoms should not be prescribed aspirin or if the patient has an allergy to aspirin or any

Andragogy Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Andragogy - Research Paper ExampleJust as importantly, defining what makes an individual an adult has meaning when find out how they will perform when trying to learn. The seven steps to creating a schooling planning for adults is called the progress model which means that solving problems is the focus of how nurture is accomplished. The sideline paper will examine the assumptions that define andragogy and the meaning behind them as they support adult learning and the differences between adult and child level learning capacities. Andragogy The origins of andragogy can be traced back to a German educator in 1833 who used the bound to define adult education from child education. Alexander Kapp created the term which specifically means man-leading, which is in contrast to the term pedagogy which means child-leading. In the 20th century American education theorists defined three contrary types of adult learning. The first is andragogy, the second is self directed learning, with the third being transformative. Andragogy is used as a description of adult learning as a concept in which the learner is motivated by a series of assumptions that end with the learner developing solution to problems in order to learn in the context that an adult learns best (Melik & Melik, 2010, p. 108). Defining andragogy is a bit difficult as it has been presented through a variety of different ideas and is therefore not rather a firm theory through which to filter ideas. Andragogy was originally presented with three assumptions. Some criticisms of the ideas behind andragogy is that it is focused on the individual and not a decisive evaluation of the favorable perspective on adult learning. The concept of andragogy has been correctly criticized for not informing the social perspective, but Knowles suggests that it does not have to promote the social perspective in order to have value in developing a structure of ideas about adult learning. One of the main proponents of andragogy a s a theory of learning for adults is Malcolm Knowles. Knowles introduced the idea in the 1970s in response to the fact that nearly theory on learning was focused on children (Utley, 2011, p. 32). He broke down the assumptions about the motivation for adult learning it six basic concepts. The following is a list of those concepts 1. Adults need to know the reason for learning something (Need to Know) 2. Experience (including error) provides the basis for learning activities (Foundation). 3. Adults need to be responsible for their decisions on education involvement in the planning and evaluation of their instruction (Self-concept). 4. Adults are most interested in learning subjects having immediate relevance to their work and/or personal lives (Readiness). 5. Adult learning is problem-centered rather than content-oriented (Orientation). 6. Adults respond better to internal versus outer motivators (Motivation) (Pierson, 2011, p. 182). These six principles outline the motivations that adults need in order to create a meaningful learning experience. The development of andragogy was through recognition that adults learn very other than than children. This type of learning is problem solving oriented rather than based upon the idea of content based learning as is more often the mail service with children. Andragogy begins with the notion that adulthood comes through a psychosocial perspective rather than through a specific biological, social, legal, or chronological age group (Utley, 2011, p.

Retails industries in UK Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5250 words

Retails industries in UK - Dissertation ExampleResearch shows that when the economic aspects of the expanse were steady and reliable, the consumer confidence was at its highest. This is evident from the fact that before 2007, when employment levels and irresponsible externalities prevailed in the economy, UK consumers spent high. However, growing inflation forced British spate to change their money management philosophy from earn more and spend lavishly to spend less and save more. Everything is expensive in UK at stand for except the people. Many of the British families argon currently struggling to find ample funds for managing their monthly family expenses because of higher inflation. From September 2007 onwards, a strong filiation in consumer spending has been observed. Moreover, consumers started to stay away from borrowing options available to them from 2007 onwards. Earlier, the general prune among British people was to spend lavishly and approach the banks or separat e financial institutions when they are in need of money. Banks and other financial institutions in the past, disperse mortgages to all people who approached them irrespective of their financial abilities or the credit histories of the borrowers. As a result of such inappropriate lending policies, many British banks face problems in the recent past. At present banks in Britain are granting loans or mortgages only after thoroughly investigating about the credit histories of the borrowers. Thus, people are struggling to find enough money for lavish spending at present. ... This literature review focuses on the retail industries in the UK, specially the segmentation in this sector, as well as how the financial crisis affected it. Basic Trends in Retail Sector of the UK Lower Consumer Confidence Research shows that when the economic aspects of the country were steady and reliable, the consumer confidence was at its highest. This is evident from the fact that before 2007, when employmen t levels and positive externalities prevailed in the economy, UK consumers spent lavishly. However, growing inflation forced British people to change their money management philosophy from earn more and spend lavishly to spend less and save more. Everything is expensive in UK at present except the people. Many of the British families are currently struggling to find enough funds for managing their monthly family expenses because of higher inflation. From September 2007 onwards, a strong decline in consumer spending has been observed. Moreover, consumers started to stay away from borrowing options available to them from 2007 onwards. Earlier, the general trend among British people was to spend lavishly and approach the banks or other financial institutions when they are in need of money. Banks and other financial institutions in the past, dispersed mortgages to all people who approached them irrespective of their financial abilities or the credit histories of the borrowers. As a resu lt of such inappropriate lending policies, many British banks faced problems in the recent past. At present banks in Britain are granting loans or mortgages only after thoroughly investigating about the credit histories of the borrowers. Thus, people are struggling to find enough money for lavish spending at present. Apart from the

Global Business and Political Forces Case Study Essay Example for Free

Global Business and Political Forces Case Study EssayWalgreens Corporation C-Level Executives forget have to consider the Global Business and Political Forces associated with their Global International Expansion plans into the Country of Brazil during the period of (2014-2016). AnalysisThe key issues Walgreens Corporation C-Level Executives stick to to face would be attempting a massive orbicular expansion and creating new value innovation within that new global market. The want and need to fan out internationally into Brazil might possiblely cause the Company to lose its current top rated status quo and therefore could risk their Companys take a shit and future tense achievement rate if prior strategic planning is not done properly. Current competition in the same U.S go overet looking to turn out internationally such as CVS could withal pose and cause a potential threat to Walgreens expansion plans.However, the Brazilian market is even more competitive because Bra zilian Companys already know how to operate in that country and atomic number 18 already familiar with the areas region. Therefore, their capabilities of gaining access to education and expertise virtually where the high demand for property expansion location sites would be at to open a new booming business, stands to be greater than that of other countries outsourced investors or foreign Companys looking to expand.Related assumptionsWalgreens would have to be able to maintain a competitive advantage point globally, so creating an pocket brand pertaining to that specific region of the country, as well as, maintaining or improving their current Prescription Savings Club program and product line seems crucial to their international expansion success. In order to stay ahead of the game and beat out any competition Walgreens C-Level Executives will need to focus on its core competencies and strengths. These practices are going to be critical when serving a diverse Country, while ma intaining Walgreens longstanding tradition of fairness, trust and honesty. ((2013). Company Overview). AlternativesThere are several alternative actions the C-Level Executives can take that would include the following First, management must energeticly evaluate and manage any potential semipolitical risks involve when making global expansion investment decisions and then continue to monitor those associated risks on a routine basis. Political forces and risks that could impact Walgreens are going to be subject to change, so it wont be considered enough to evaluate those risks only once before the decision to invest has been made.Executives of Walgreens must take an active approach and monitor political risks all the time and use those findings to their advantage by applying those methods strategically towards any other investments, operational plans and any other future decisions. Therefore, management over political forces must be implemented into Walgreens in operation(p) busi ness practice and processes, in order to protect their investments. (PwC Advisory and Eurasia Group.) Secondly, obtaining reliable, accurate information and interpretation of international business risks tend to be roads blocks at times for executives seeking to better their decision making through evaluation of political risk.Therefore, the use of multiple world-wide sources in which provide up to date, extremely accurate information that has not only been analyzed but also prepared by top risk managers should also be considered as expound of an ongoing systematic approach to political risk management. (PwC Advisory and Eurasia Group.) Thirdly, To avoid any future setbacks from competitors such as CVS and similar Drugstore/Retail chains, Walgreens will need to create and invest in a new value of innovation to enkindle their diverse customers experience.I believe Walgreens strengths lies in the fact that they have their own unique branding style and a high take of ethical quality in the way they perform their business practice, so by enhancing their current U.S. loyal customer connections over into their potential new global customers they stand a better chance to set themselves apart from CVS and any other competitors they might be faced with along the way. EvaluationInternational partnerships accession challenges but also create new ideas in new markets that can then be translated back to US markets. Because all companies, even primarily internal ones, are affected by politics to somedegree, all need a baseline of political risk management activity. At a minimum, high society management should be aware of how political risks affect business processes, and they should factor these risks into both investment decisions and general risk management.RecommendationMy suggestion would be that the C-Level Executives when operating internationally should carefully analyze their current approach to political risk management and determine whether it is contributin g to their current business performance strategy as efficiently or effectively as it could and should be or having and adverse effect, taking away from it instead. Once carefully reviewed and evaluated they should find areas for improvement and make changes wherefore to ensure a better business development plan for the following (2014-2016) timeline. ImplementationLong-term sustainable success internationally depends in good part on a companys ability to grasp the implications of political risk and apply them to business risk. By embedding political risk considerations in linguistic rule business processes, companies enable management to make better decisions regarding global expansion, sourcing, branding, intellectual property protection, community and government relations, operational structures, and other business issues that arise in complex international markets. (PwC Advisory and Eurasia Group.) ConclusionUltimately, any company looking to expand globally has to be willing t o take risks, but its also essential to their future developmental successes that before taking that huge leap to expand internally that they become extremely aware of the high stacks and potential risks involved. In general, the more a company ventures beyond its home country physically or through outsourcing the more it increases its exposure to political risk.Companies should keep in mind, however, that even a minor investment involving a major risk or opportunity can have a material impact. Sustainable success internationally depends in good part on a companys ability to grasp the implications of political risk and apply them to business risk. Mark Wagner, Walgreens Executive Vice President Operations Community Management had this to sayOur customers come from all walks of life, and it would be impossible for us to serve them well if we genuine identical, instead of individual needs. Ive found the best way to recognize individuality is by taking time to learn about diverse int erests and their background. Everyone has needs, wants and expectations and as managers, its our vocation to develop that strategy and exceed those expectations. (Walgreens outlines strategy to analysts.)

Evaluating the Research Process Essay Example for Free

Evaluating the look Process EssayRemote communities face several challenges concerning health c be. For instance, communication with health care professionals, transportation, availability of doctors, and shortage of doctors. Literature polish to identify and review new methods of improving admission charge to health, quality of care, and improving the legalness of delivering health care operate in strange Alaskan villages. MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL databases that power health research were used along with Artic health databases. Abstracts and full articles were reviewed and categorized into four sections. Organizational structure of health services, Telehealth, E-health, and medical transportation. Despite the challenges facing agrestic and far regions, there is a distinctly positive message from this broad writings review.Evidence-based endeavours exist across a range of areas which include operational strength and integration, access to care, organizational str ucture, public health, continuing education and workforce composition that have the potential to positively touch on health care quality and health-related outcomes (Masucci, Mitton, Dionne, 2011). The literature review did non identify some(prenominal) past research associated with new ideas to improve access, quality, and talent in the organizational structures and delivery of health care services in northern cracker-barrel and remote and rural populations. This review was directed toward the redesign of health care systems in Nunavut territory in Canada.When conducting research in an academic or professional setting, it is important to display ethical responsibility throughout the research correction. For instance, investigateers conducting the select and collecting data should obtain permission from individuals who are involved in the study in any way. Researchers must ensure subjects involved in the study are not in any somatogenic or emotional harm, such as asking di fficult questions or using insensitive words. One very important consideration for researchers to remember when conducting any form of data collection is to be sure to maintain their own personal biases and opinions so they do not get in the way of the research. Research such as questionaries or observations should be conducted under the assumption that findings are kept anonymous. It is important to let the research subject know whether the research results go forth be anonymous or not.Research subjects should be chosen based on what and who will be most beneficial tothe research. And last, when reporting results from the research study the results must be accurately represented from what he or she was told or what you observed. For example, do not discuss parts of observations without putting them in appropriate context. Research has found that telehealth and ehealth has been effective in providing information of health professions with educational opportunities to in these rural populations that would not have been provided without telehealth and ehealth. Therefore, telehelath and ehealth system have a significant impact on improving access and quality care. The research also identified the use of medical air transport when needed services are not available as well as transportation to and from rural and remote regions.The study affirmed the importance of medical air transport in rural and remote regions while indicating such concerns are not unusual. Second, there are no evidence-based guidelines indicating which services to provide in local regions as opposed to having access by medical air transport or procedures in selecting which patients to select for emergency are transported. Currently no framework exists to determine the over or underutilization of medical air transport. Researchers found that the regions with the largest potential impact in remote regions are public health where several programs have been implemented, and analyzed indicating high tier of success. For example, health promotion programs such as alcohol and smoking cessation, obesity, exercise, dental care, hygiene, and suicide prevention. The literature strongly indicates these programs have positive impacts.Therefore, the regions in the research study have opportunity to improve the delivery and organization structure of health care services. This particular research study was not a systematic review. check to Masucci, Mitton, and Dionne (2011) The purpose of the article was not to find literature on a wide range of topics but rather to find exemplary articles that could speak to the topics at hand. However, the caution is that while we attempted to provide both sides of any given story, in some cases important papers may have been missed which could betoken important alternative courses of action. (p. 470). The research team relied on an advisory board that gave advice on their work. Review of only found positive solutions in which history politics, stru ctures, and behavior contribute to improvement the key factor is action ability. This information will be crucial to enhancing care in the targeted regions as well as differentremote and rural regions nationwide.The research study identifies several challenges that northern rural remote regions face. The literature review found several evidence based initiative from operational efficiency, integration, applying telehealth, applying ehealth, organizational structure, public health, continuing education, and workforce composition have potential to have a positive impact on health outcomes in rural and remote northern regions. The only area of research that indicated not to have a positive impact was medical air transport indicating elevate research is needed. The research study has provided an extensive survey from literate regarding innovations in the organizational structure and delivery of health serveries in northern rural and remote regions.This study did not find any conflict s of interest regarding the improvement of health care in these rural and remote regions. Specific ideas and strategies found to improving access, quality, and efficiency in the organization structure and delivery of health care services in rural and remote northern regions are palliative model, which performed most effective for patients on weekly case conferences, on-call nursing, patient held records, shared protocols, and procedures. ReferenceMasucci, L., Mitton, C., Dionne, F. (2011). ) Innovations in health service organization and delivery in northern rural and remote regions a review of the literature. International Journal of Circumpolar Health, 70(5), 460-472.

Funds Accounting Essay Example for Free

Funds Accounting EssayBusiness-type organizations and not-for-profit organizations, including not-for-profit colleges, universities and health care providers b. Business-type organizations not-for-profit organizations and all colleges, universities and health care providers, whether organized as not-for-profit or governmental entities c. Business-type organizations only d. All entities, except for those under the jurisdiction of the American Institute of CPAs Answer a 5. A not-for-profit organization performs all of the following activities except . Charging a fee for services provided b. Paying dividends to shareholders c. Purchasing long-lived (capital) assets d. Paying overtime to employees Answer b 6. The Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB) establishes fiscal reporting standards for raise and local governmental entities. An entity possessing the following characteristics should follow GASB standards a. The power to enact and levy a tax. b. The power to issue debt , for which its interest is exempt from federal taxation. c.The potential that a government could unilaterally dissolve the entity and assume their assets and liabilities. d. All of the above. e. Only a and b. Answer d 7. For which types of organizations is the Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB) responsible for establishing accounting and financial reporting standards? a. All evince, local, and Federal organizations b. All state and local governmental organizations, except for state and local governmental colleges, universities, health care providers, and utilities c.All state and local governmental organizations, including government-sponsored colleges, universities, health care providers, and utilities d. All governmental and not-for-profit organizations Answer c 8. Which entity establishes financial accounting standards and principles for the federal government? a. FASB b. GASB c. FASAB d. None of the above. Answer c 9. Which of the following is the most authoritativ e source of accounting standards for cities and counties? a. Current practices widely used by not-for-profit entities b.GASB Statements and Interpretations c. AICPA Industry Audit Guides d. Implementation guides published by GASB lag Answer b 10. Not-for-profit organizations obtain their revenues primarily from a. Sales to customers b. Contributions from donors c. Taxes on personal property d. Taxes on real property Answer b TRUE or FALSE State whether these statements are true or false. Discuss why the false statements are false. True a. An entity is likely to be a governmental entity if a controlling majority of its governing body is appointed by governmental officials.True b. The objective of a government is to provide services to its constituents. nonsensical c. AICPA pronouncements lose approximately the same level of authority as articles appearing in the Journal of Accountancy. True d. The objective of a not-for-profit organization is to provide services to its constituent s. False e. By definition, all funds have cash, financial resources, and capital resources. True f. The objective of a business organization is to enhance the wealth of its owners.

Jeff Wall Photography Philosophy

Jeff W in all Photography PhilosophyThe inventionist Jeff rampart has argued that thither argon cardinal prominent fabrications about photography, the myth that it tells the uprightness, and the myth that it doesnt. Discuss Walls didactics with reference to the work of any two photographers from the 20th Century.In the following essay I propose to discuss Jeff Walls philosophical citement of photography, the myth that it tells the truth and the myth that it doesnt in which Wall openly recognises the associated ambiguities of photographys systems of representation and perception. The apparent naturalism associated with the photographic medium draws a certain sense of the front piece of music of inherent truths.However, the degree of photographic truth or indeed myth is much dependent upon the intentions of the photographer who instigates and captures the composition. The argument which Wall refers to is not a modern difficulty with the medium, as these debates give been cir culating ever since photographys beginnings. One must however acknowledge that photographys difficulties with regard the perception of truth or myth leave progressively developed as time has transgressed. This look is in accordance with the greater availability of manipulative photographic technology which has allowed the artist greater bidding over any proposed outcome. Every see to it embodies a certain way of seeing which happens to coincides with the certifiedness of mankinds individuality. Therefore it is entirely relevant to mention the importance of an cognizance of the term semiotics which considers the interpretation of these visual systems which we each profess to. In order to understand the pertinence of Walls argument, I plan to explore and discuss the plant life of Wall himself in conjunction with the whole kit and boodle of another American artist, Cindy Sherman. A key universal element of my argument will rest upon the acknowledgement of the internalization of the multiple peoples who incur the work of photographer as it is these who create and communicate the picture of truth and myth. Whilst no definitive answer may be tending(p) regarding the statement which Wall proposes, I do however seek to trace the inner complexities which threaten the authenticity of the photographic movement.Debates concerning the notion of perception, myth and truth subscribe been circulating ever since mankinds inception to the planet. One of the earliest documented records of this debate goes back to the 4th carbon BC, in which the philosopher Plato presented theories which intentionify the then traditional sophistic views of morality and reality.Plato concluded that both subjects originated from ones make objective ideals of absolute truth, of which only existed in total form in our minds and not in our conscious state of physical awareness. To put simply, Plato writes that an idealised level of truth could never be achieved in absolute terms in our d aily lifestyle and that any proposed notion was strongly dependent on our own quality of self interests. From this reading I can comprehend that the notion of reality, truth and perception are all in fact manufactured perceptions based around our own terms of reference. I do view this reading as significant when related to the workings of Wall and Sherman who coincidently share a communal categorisation of photographic theme, yet whose subjective visual understanding of a 20th century American society contrast greatly. stratagemistic intentions are developed or withdrawn in accordance with our own unique mental facets. Related to this matter, concepts of knowledge are likewise fiercely dependent upon societal context and worldly takes. Knowledge is an ever developing independent discipline as are the illusive notions of truth and myth.Theoretical research does not lead to such certainties. Usually its results are quite intangible. It leads to new ideas that ideas are uncertain and debatable. It leads to new points of view that this is not enough if we want hard and fast results. It is only if we are very lucky that far down the road theoretical research leads to what we welcome been looking for all along understanding. (Greenstein, 1983, Pg.108)In order to fully comprehend the truths and mythologies of photography, it is necessary to acknowledge that each person including the viewer prescribes to a certain notional vision and that these views we profess to may not be in keeping with the genuine intentions of artist. Modernist understandings of the visual field fall under the study of semiotics which recognises that art functions as another communicative language yet does not present its meanings quiet as literally as with journalism.In the year 1978, Wall created a piece of breakthrough photography entitled The Destroyed Room which documents the disturbing repercussions following an unspeakable act of domestic violence.Jeff Wall, The Destroyed Room, 1978, Transparency in wispy box, 1590 x 2340 mm, National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa.The destroyed room is sinkly that owning to a woman judging by its disassembled contents strewn feminine clothes and elegant heels. another(prenominal) prominent indicator of a feminine presence deep down the composition is the inclusion of a rather graceful and strangely intact porcelain dancer figurine upon a shaken wooden cabinet. A number of intentionally placed diagonal indicators lead our eye to this perverse effeminate substitute which further indicates the notion that she is a universal symbol for the masked, unspoken and disturbing realities evident within the 20th century American home. But is this an accurate representation of 20th century society? Wall created the piece by recreating the theoretical elements of Delacroixs infamous work, Death of Sardanapalus which in effect offers a contemporary model of a historic reference.Eugne Delacroix, Death of Sardanapalus, 1827, Oil on canvas. 392 x 496 cm, Muse du Louvre, Paris.While strong feelings of misery, deep unhappiness and pain prevail in both these meticulously composed works it would be misleading to conclude that both works tell of the same truths. Delacroixs painted piece incorporates figurative subject matter in romanticised states of physical torment which contrast greatly to that of Walls graceful, serene figurine seeming to mask the emotional elements of violence by contrast.Wall appears to be making a mockery of Delacroixs curvilinear models through the inclusion of a cheap artificial piece confirming that Wall does not hold any desire to put away the same intentions of Delacroixs work alluding to the mythical existence of an idealised human form, implying a certain utopian view.It is in like manner interesting to note that Walls work places a clear responsibility on the viewer to focus specifically on alone one single victim of destruction as apposed to dividing our attention between a number of peo ples as in the case of Delacroix. The absence of a real physical presence in Walls work is unsettling for the viewer warranting us to question the benefit of those involved to a greater extentover then Delacroixs painting. My feelings of empathy and concern are as a direct consequence of the medium of photography which further evokes the sense that this depiction of suggest violation could in fact be real to life due to the fact that many works of factual photo journalism are presented in a manner similar. I also believe that such a scene does not constitute the creation of a timely idealised masterpiece. This image is revealing of one persons view of a society but it would be a myth to suggest that it an agreeable truth for all else involved especially those who experience domestic abuse.As a viewer, I am aware that I am placing my objective thoughts on the work which may contrast with that of the practician and by this means I could unknowingly be creating a work of myth or inde ed truth. Similarly I relate this analysis to Wall interpretation of Delacroixs work in that did Wall really resign initial inspiration from the work of Delacroix or did Wall get caught up in the here and now of physical chaotic creation which later seemingly related in theme to that of Delacroix? We may never know the answer but I take some comfort in my as Walls work seems an entirely abstract muted edition of the work of by contrast to his previous reworking of the work of Hokusai in A Sudden Gust of Wind (after Hokusai),In 1982, Wall created another thought provoking exposure entitled Mimic which again similar to that antecedently discussed, seeks to condense the negative misgivings of a contemporary culture within a single frame.Jeff Wall Mimic 1982, Transparency in light box, 1980 x 2286 mm, Ydessa Hendeles Art Foundation, Toronto.The image presented reconstructs an offensive racial gesturing witnessed by Wall between two men a well turned out Chinese man and a roughly clad Caucasian man. Mimic presents an interesting representation of the bodily gestures which characteristicly stereotype these nations. In the case of the Chinese man, his unobtrusive, self servient gesture presents the typical conservative gesture that I connote most to being of Eastern cultural origins. In contrast to this, the Caucasian mans middle fingered gesture presents him as being from an inflammatory type society with liberal outspoken values. Do these gestures pertain to be as accurate representations of the real and whole conditions of the cultures we reside within? No they are not truthful in this regard yet they are truthful in that they do provide a truthful flying pictorial of an offensive gesture. I fear as a woman that I cannot abide by the social condition Wall has involved here as he positions his camera maintaining an overtly masculine presence with lessened thought given for the role of women within society. It appears as though the lady visualised is being drag ged along or perhaps slowing back deliberately denoting herself as an unwilling participant in this racial transaction as she also stares in a voyeuristic manner away from the confrontation. I would even go as far as commenting that Wall appears to connote that women share as much of an unrecognized role in 20th century American society as any other foreign emigrant would and that the Caucasian man rules over all regardless of social rank or occupation.The context in which a photograph is captured, presented thus examined constitutes a variety of iconic indexical signs. The resemblance to Mimic to that of street photography, cinematographic photography and even photo journalist photography through its successful combination of conceptual performance art qualities and also colloquial elements means that its authentic intentions are difficult to read. The museum reference given pushes us to regard the piece as an aesthetic high art object implying a enriched sense of credibility whic h forces us to consider its compositional qualities as well as formal aesthetic qualities in a more conscious manner which might not necessarily be the case regarding its possible inclusion in a mass consumed newspaper.Museum curators dictate the manner in which we experience interpret photography and one would most likely consider a different set of indexical signs if museum artworks were placed outside of its intended location. The placement of art may hinder its idea, yet it is the placement of art which determines the role of an artistic idea. The same argument is relevant regarding the notion of time yet it is again the power of the artists intention which will conquer all inhibitors.The meaning of a photographic image is built up by an interaction of such schemas or codes, which interchange greatly in their degree of schematization. The image is therefore to be seen as a composite of signs, more to be compared with a complex sentence than a single word. Its meanings are mul tiple, concrete, and, most important, constructed. (Tagg, John, The Burden of Representation. Amherst University of Massachusetts Press, 1988)The work of Cindy Sherman emphasises aspects of concurrent femininity which aspires to philosophise the changing role of the female identity in reaction to cultural expectations. Sherman herself manages to direct, model and capture her photographic intentions in much the same self autonomous process she seeks to explore through her works. Sherman brilliantly captures the metaphysicality of the female solve through her incorporation of diverse facial expressions, considered clothing choices and through the application of heavy make ups which in effect offer few clues to Shermans inner identity which she desires to be excluded from her works. Yet if she so heavily desires to be excluded from her works why does she use herself within her work why did she originally title her early works self portraits? I place ambiguity over Shermans desire to remain anonymous within her work I firmly believe her intentions to be a work of myth. untitled Film Still (96) depicts an outstretched Sherman lying rather suggestively across a domestic floor, exposing the myths which define a woman s expectations of inner fantasy. The image promotes a certain sexual objectivity of the female body specifically through the considered placement of hand and tissue hand near her female organs. Yet I can connote a contradictory sense of imperfection, insecurity and hidden vulnerabilities through her blushed facial expression. Photographs cannot create a moral position, but they can reinforce one-and can help build a nascent one. (Sontag, 2001, Pg.9)Cindy Sherman Untitled Film Still (96), 1981, Photograph, 60.8 x 121.8 cm, Museum of Modern Art, New York.Shermans choice of a birds eye view camera angle does not allow us to engage with the camouflaged societal location as the figure is zoomed in upon cropped forcing us to engage solely with the figure . The image is part of a series entitled centrefolds which were deliberately labelled in accordance with Shermans choice of publication layout which involves a two page spread in the middle of a magazine which sees Sherman as a sort of fetish for male readers. While the image has been labelled Untitled Film Still, it does not convey an obvious sense of the films actualities as the cropped field of view by the photographer has created an artificial sense of place in which we have no knowledge or clues of the films preceding proceeding moments. In a sense the image goes against the commonalities of film making as its lack of information forces us to narrate our own variation of the films intentions. Sherman as apposed to Wall chooses not to focus on any specific moment but rather the amalgamation of a number of common episodes which she has encountered through the media which in effect creates a work which may remain true to Sherman herself but seems false overtly clich for the view er. It would be a grave mistake to label these images as obsolete due to their supposed level of artificiality as they do communicate a level of truth and more importantly a message which causes us to question learn from our own lives misgivings. None of the images I have discussed are inherently better than the next because of its pertinacious or undetermined levels of truth myth. One could almost say that Wall works were more morally truthful as he seeks to reissue a lived moment yet the actors he positions could not possibly be feeling the raw emotions that the initial experience entailed. And the same is true of Shermans work in that she is just re-enacting another persons portrait.The photographers way of seeing is reflected in his choice of subject. Every image embodies a way of seeing our perception or appreciation of an image depends upon our own way of seeing. (Berger, 1973, Pg.10)